Ndizi

Black Leaf Spot of Banana

Deightoniella torulosa

Kuvu

Ponya zao lako

Piga picha

Angalia uchunguzi

Pata dawa

Pata programu ya Plantix

Kwa Ufupi

  • Round, pin point, black spots first appear at leaf margins.
  • They later extend to the leaf blade edges, thereby showing a 'V' shaped appearance.
  • Black discolorations on fruit.

Inaweza pia kupatikana kwenye

1 Mazao
Ndizi

Ndizi

Dalili

Round, pin point, black spots appear on the main veins of the lamina in the proximity of the leaf margin. Gradually, these spots increase in size and develop narrow yellow margins. The center of the larger spots dries and pale brown areas extend to the edge of the leaf blade, beyond the yellow margin. This gives the spots the appearance of an inverted ‘V’ shaped. On fruits, black discoloration first appear at the fruit tip and later progresses along the fruit with the formation of irregular dark spots or speckles, sometimes with yellowish margins. In some varieties, nearly round reddish brown spots or spots with black centers and a darker green, water soaked halo may be seen.

Mapendekezo

Udhibiti wa Kiasili

No known biological control is known for this disease. Organic copper formulations, for example 1% Bordeaux mixture, can be sprayed in severe cases.

Udhibiti wa Kemikali

Always consider an integrated approach with preventive measures and biological treatments if available. In severe cases apply 0.4% mancozeb or oil based formulations of copper oxychloride at 0.2-0.4%. Contact fungicides like chlorothalonil or mancozeb and a systemic fungicide, e.g. tebuconazole or propiconazol are recommended. Make sure that applications reach the top leaves as well.

Ni nini kilisababisha?

The fungus Deightoniella torulosa is the causal organism of the disease. It is present in dead banana leaves and produces new inoculum during periods of rain and dew. As the humidity declines, the spores are violently discharged and eventually become airborne. This makes the spread of the disease rapid in conditions in which high air humidity is directly followed by periods of air dryness. The spread of the fungus is also favored in closely planted fields. The fungus causes destruction to the plant tissue, which in turn causes considerable reduction in the photosynthetic area and yield loss.

Hatua za Kuzuia

  • Use resilient varieties if available in your area (several are on the market).
  • Use proper spacing in order to avoid mutual shading and contact of leaves.
  • Make sure that new plantations are an appropriate distance from diseased plantations.
  • Avoid sprinkler irrigation to minimize the relative humidity of the air.
  • Drip irrigation is preferred.
  • Apply a balanced fertilization and avoid particularly excess N fertilizer.
  • Remove infected leaves and burn them.
  • Practice field sanitation by removing old dried hanging leaves.
  • Removed and destroy affected leaf portions and fruits.

Pakua Plantix