Care
When selecting a soybean strain, one has to consider that varieties differ in their suitability for certain growing seasons. The pest history of a field should be considered before soybean planting. Some varieties have a genetic resistance to the most important pests. Plant multiple soybean varieties to ensure diversity across fields. Soybeans are able to fix nitrogen through a symbiosis with the bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum. For best results, the correct strain of bacteria should be mixed with the soybean seed before planting. Soybean seeds should be planted at about 4 cm below the surface, approximately 40 cm apart from each other. Planting is recommended when soil temperatures are at least 10°C and trending upwards.
Soil
Healthy, fertile, workable soil is beneficial for growing soybeans. Especially loamy soil works well due to its ability to keep the soil drained but still moist. Soybean plants prefer slightly acidic soils with a pH around 6.5. The crop can be grown from sea level up to an altitude of 2000 m.
Climate
Soybeans are usually grown in cool, temperate regions like the midwestern United States and southern Canada, but tropical climates like Indonesia also give good results. This crop can grow almost anywhere with a warm growing season, ample water, and sunlight. Soybeans can be damaged by subfreezing temperatures, but they are less tender than several other crops, such as corn. Soybeans also need a growing season with temperatures between 20°C and 40°C and at least 500 mm of water. Day length plays an important role in soyabean crop production. Good yield is achieved where the length of day is less than 14 hours.