Care
A grape is a fruit that grows on the woody plant species of the genus Vitis. There are many varieties of grapes in the world and they can be eaten or used to make many various products including wine, jelly, jam, juice, vinegar, raisins, grape seed oil, and grape seed extract. Grapes have been cultivated by humans for thousands of years and are now grown and enjoyed all over the world.
Soil
Grapes can tolerate a wide variety of soil types but the most ideal soil type is sandy loam. Grapes require moderate soil nutrient content. Addition of nitrogen and potassium to the soils before the growing season can be beneficial in soils with lower nutrient content. Grapes do best in slightly acidic conditions with a pH level ranging from 5.5-7.0. Well-drained soil conditions are also important in root production and to prevent crop disease.
Climate
Grapes are best grown in climates with a mild winter and a long, warm growing period. Grapes require around 710 mm of rain each year. Too much or too little rain can be detrimental to successful fruit production. Mediterranean regions are very successful in their grape production due to the relatively stable growing season that consists of warm and dry temperatures. Grapevines require a temperature of at least 10 degrees Celsius or 50 degrees Fahrenheit to begin physiological processes. The temperature, rainfall, and other climatic factors during production will have an impact on the flavour profile of the grapes. This is seen especially in the wine industry where the regional climatic difference has an effect on the taste of the final product. Furthermore, certain grape varieties are more suited for specific regions and climatic zones.