Persik

Constriction Canker

Phomopsis amygdali

Jamur

5 mins to read

Ringkasan

  • Reddish-brown cankers around branch nodes.
  • Cankers enlarge, encircling the branches.
  • Shoot dieback.

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Gejala

Constriction canker is found most frequently in older, established orchards and appear to be more common on certain varieties of peach trees. Reddish brown zonate or concentric lesions appear on the bark around the branch nodes of last year's shoot, usually by late autumn. Over time, these cankers become sunken and turn tan to silver in color. Often, these zonate bands are speckled with tiny dark brown dots, corresponding to fungal structures embedded in the bark. These specks are not found in brown rot, a disease that also causes shoot canker. The necrosis may encircle the branches and lead to shoot dieback in very susceptible varieties, often associated with warm temperatures. Fruit loss is to be expected, since these are the fruit-bearing branches for the current growing season. Gumming may occur at the base of infected shoots.

Recommendations

Pengendalian hayati

Constriction canker is found most frequently at high levels in older, established orchards. Constriction canker appears to be more common on certain varieties.Sorry, we don't know of any alternative treatment against Phomopsis amygdali . Please get in touch with us in case you know of something that might help to fight this disease. We are looking forward to hearing from you.

Pengendalian kimiawi

Always consider an integrated approach with preventive measures together with biological treatments. To have a better outcome it is important to combine fungicide treatment with mechanical canker removal. Fungicides containing chlorothalonil, captan or thiram can be used as spray applications on affected branches. Other fungicides, benzimidazoles and strobilurins can also be used, but are less effective. In moderately to severely infected orchards, fungicide applications are recommended at 10-14 days intervals, starting at the beginning of autumn and ending after leaf fall. The maximum number of applications during that period should not exceed six to seven. Note that none of the stated fungicides are able to control the disease completely.

Apa penyebabnya?

Constriction canker is a fungal disease caused by the fungus Phomopsis amygdali. It produces spores on structures that are sometimes visible as dark brown specks within the cankers. These spores are later released and spread by rain splashes and winds to other branches or trees, where they initiate new infections. Leaf wounds are the main entry point for the pathogen all year round, although scars on buds, fruits and blossoms can also play a role in the progression of the infection during the spring. The fungus then grow in the internal tissues, producing new cankers and eventually killing the shoots. Moist warm weather offers the best settings for the growth and dispersal of fungal spores.


Tindakan Pencegahan

  • Choose less susceptible varieties.
  • Ensure an adequate supply of water and nitrogen to enhance the strength of the tree.
  • Check the orchard regularly for any sign of the infection, particularly during late summer.
  • Prune out cankered shoots by late summer, before leaf fall (summer pruning).
  • Remove pruned material from the orchard and burn it.
  • Alternatively mow the branches on the ground to accelerate the decomposition.
  • Ensure to cut a few centimeters below the canker to avoid a new infection on the same branch.
  • Prune during dry weather conditions to ensure that no other pathogens enter the injured tissue.

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